What is it?
Heatstroke occurs when a dog overheats. This can result from hot, humid weather, overexertion, or being confined in a space with poor ventilation such as being left in a car, conservatory or outbuilding on a hot day.
Why is it important?
Heat stroke in dogs can be fatal, and it is an emergency situation. Dogs pant to try and lose heat as they cannot sweat, but this limits how much heat they are capable of dissipating. An extreme rise in body temperature can cause swelling of the brain, and damage to internal organs such as the brain, liver, gut and kidneys. Organ damage typically starts at body temperatures greater than 42 degrees centigrade (normal is about 38). The dog’s blood can clot in the blood vessels causing fatal organ damage, a syndrome called Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC).
Very young and very old dogs may be less able to cope with heatstroke. Some breeds of dog for example flat faced breeds such as Pugs or Bulldogs may be less able to cope with hot weather, as their ability to lose heat by panting is reduced. Obese or overweight animals are more at risk, and dogs with underlying breathing problems.
How does the vet know what is going on?
Your vet will examine your dog, and ask questions relating to the onset and duration of illness, and any exposure to extreme temperatures.
Signs of heatstroke in dogs:
What can be done at the vets?
The dog should start to recover within 12 hours. There may be ongoing weakness and dullness for several weeks after the initial heatstroke episode.
Organ damage and clotting disorders such as DIC can mean that the dog will not recover.