You may have noticed a lot of hype around paw balm recently, but what exactly is paw balm, and is it necessary for dogs? Let’s take a look…
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What are dog paw pads?
Paw pads have several vital roles, including:
- acting as shock absorbers, protecting the bones and joints as the dog walks, runs or jumps
- providing grip, to prevent slipping
- insulating the foot from heat and cold
- helping with balance and stability.
The paw pad is made up of 3 layers:
- The external stratified epithelium: this a layer of hairless, pigmented skin and is the hardest layer, which comes into contact with the ground.
- The intermediate dermis layer: this is the middle layer, which contains some collagen.
- The subcutaneous layer: this is the softest layer, a layer of fatty tissue which acts to absorb energy, among other things.
As you can see, your dog’s paw pads are pretty important! How healthy your dog’s paw pads are will depend on many factors, including your dog’s age, activity levels and the surfaces they walk on.
Common paw pad issues
Since your dog’s paw pads have such an important role, it’s a good idea to check your dog’s paws regularly. Some commonly encountered issues include:
- Cuts. Since the paw pads are in direct contact with the ground, they are a very common place for cuts and grazes! Cut pads take a long time to heal.
- Foreign bodies. Thorns or splinters are also common in the pads, for the same reason!
- Burns or blisters. Walking on hot pavements can cause burns to your dog’s pads.
- Allergies. Dogs with skin allergies often have itchy feet, which causes them to chew or excessively lick their paws. This can cause damage to the skin, including the pads.
- Dry, cracked pads. This can be due to weather changes or ageing, amongst other things.
- Hyperkeratosis. This describes thickening and crusting of the pads, and you may notice it on your dog’s nose too. It can be genetic, or it may be caused by an underlying medical condition.
If you notice anything unusual about your dog’s pads, or you have any concerns, it’s safest to book a check-up with your vet.
What is paw balm?
Paw balms are dog-safe emollient ointments, or skin softeners. Some also form a barrier on the pad, helping to protect it from rough terrain. There are many paw balms on the market, in a variety of formulations, including lotions and waxes. They are designed to soothe dry, cracked pads, as well as to prevent pads from becoming dry and cracked. The barrier formulations are also designed to offer some protection against rough surfaces and changes in temperature.
Is paw balm necessary for dogs?
Paw balm is not essential, especially if your dog has never had any issues with their paws. However, it can be useful in certain situations.
So, when should I use paw balm on my dog?
If you notice that your dog’s paws are looking a little dry, then trying some paw balm may help. Paw balm can be especially helpful in the winter, or for elderly dogs. Your vet may recommend paw balm, alongside medical treatment, for certain skin conditions.
It’s important to note that paw balm will not protect your dog’s pads from extreme heat or cold, nor if they have a wound. Dog boots would be more suitable in these situations. If you notice any changes in your dog’s paw pads, you should have them checked by your vet. Paw balms are not designed as a treatment for any medical condition or injury.
How do you take care of a dog’s paws?
There are a number of things you can do to help keep your dog’s paw pads healthy:
- Check them regularly for any changes or signs of injury.
- Don’t walk your dog during the day on hot days, as hot tarmac can burn your dog’s pads. If you can’t comfortably hold the back of your hand on the pavement for 7 seconds, then it’s too hot for your dog to walk on.
- Consider using dog boots to protect your dog’s paws from snow or ice.
- Avoid walking on pavements that have had de-icing salt applied, and rinse it off straight away if you do.
Your dog’s paw pads play an important role, so it’s important to look after them! Ask your vet if you have any concerns about your dog’s pads.
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