The proper storage of your pet’s medications is crucial to ensure their effectiveness and safety. Medications that are not stored correctly can lose their effectiveness, become contaminated, or even pose health risks to your pet.  

What are the different veterinary medicines? 

Veterinary medicines are strictly classified by law, with different rules of each classification. These veterinary classifications are POM-V, POM-VPS, NFA-VPS, AVM-GSL – they are all established and regulated by the VMD in the UK. 

POM-V (Prescription Only Medicine – Veterinarian):  

These are veterinary medicines that can only be prescribed by a veterinary surgeon. Examples of POM-V medicines are antibiotics, steroids and painkillers. 

POM-VPS (Prescription Only Medicine – Veterinarian, Pharmacist, Suitably Qualified Person):  

These are veterinary medicines that can be prescribed by a veterinarian, pharmacist, or a suitably qualified person for food producing animals, such as cattle and sheep. Examples of POM-VPS medicines include wormers for cattle or horses. 

NFA-VPS (Non-Food Animal – Veterinarian, Pharmacist, Suitably Qualified Person):  

These are veterinary medicines that can be prescribed by a veterinarian, pharmacist, or a suitably qualified person for non-food animals, i.e. pets. Examples of NFA-VPS medicines include flea and worm treatments. 

AVM-GSL (Authorised Veterinary Medicinal Product – General Sales List):  

These are veterinary medicines that can be sold directly to the public without the need for a prescription. Examples of AVM-GSL medicines include some over the counter flea products. 

In addition, some drugs are labelled “CD: (Controlled Drugs):  

These are veterinary medicines that are subject to legal controls under certain legislation including the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 & 2001. These medicines have the potential to be misused, and their use is strictly controlled to prevent harm to animals and humans. Examples of CD medicines include opioids and some hormonal medicines. 

What issues do I need to worry about when keeping medication safe? 

Like human medication, different medications have varying storage requirements. It is always recommended to refer to the medication label or follow veterinary instructions for specific storage guidelines – in fact, the latest version of the Veterinary Medicines Regulations stresses that it is a legal requirement!  The common requirements include: 

Temperature:  

Many medications should be stored at room temperature, away from heat sources. Some may need refrigeration, while others should be kept in a cool, dry place. In the summer, it can be very hot so always make sure that you follow the guidelines. “Room temperature” usually means under 25C, unless it says otherwise on the packaging or leaflet. 

Light Exposure:  

Certain medications are sensitive to light and should be kept in opaque containers or away from direct sunlight. 

Moisture:  

Humidity can affect the stability of medications. Keep them in a dry environment to prevent moisture-related issues. 

How do I know? 

Check the packaging, or the leaflet that came with the medicine. It must say on it how to safely store the medicine – and in fact, the vet, nurse, SQP or pharmacist who dispensed the medicine should have told you too. 

What can I do to make sure the medication is safe in the summer? 

It is always advisable to keep the medication at room temperature; in the summer this can often exceed what is normal. It is good advice to monitor the temperature if you can. 

What else can I do to make sure the storage is correct? 

Choose the Right Storage Container 

Selecting the appropriate container is vital for maintaining medication just not in the summer but all year round. The following should be good practice: 

  • Original Packaging: Always store medications in their original packaging with the label intact. The original container is designed to protect the medication from light, moisture, and air. 
  • Sealed Containers: Sometimes medication from the vet can be in airtight containers to prevent exposure to moisture and contaminants. For medications that require refrigeration, ensure the container is sealed properly to avoid moisture. It is also good practice to not let the container slip and keep it upright. 
  • Childproof Containers: If you have children or other pets, use childproof containers to prevent accidental ingestion from both. 

Store Medications Safely 

Proper placement and handling of medications is really vital, as it can affect the medication itself, meaning the medication may lose efficacy. Ideally the following should be done: 

  • Avoid High Temperatures: Do not store medications near heat sources like cookers, radiators, or direct sunlight. Heat can cause medications to break down or become less effective. 
  • Refrigeration: If a medication requires refrigeration, place it in the designated compartment of your fridge and ensure it is kept at the correct temperature. There are thermometers you can buy to monitor the temperature. 
  • Out of Reach: Store medications out of reach of pets and children to prevent accidental ingestion. High shelves or locked cabinets are ideal for this purpose. 

Handle Medications with Care 

Proper handling of medications can prevent contamination and maintain their efficacy. In warm weather, you can get hot, so here are some tips for handling medication in hot weather: 

  • Clean Hands: Always wash your hands before handling medications to avoid introducing bacteria.  
  • Avoid Touching Tablets: Use clean gloves to handle tablets or capsules. Direct contact with your hands can transfer oils and moisture to the medication 
  • Close Containers: After using the medication, ensure that the container is tightly closed to protect against environmental factors, like hot weather. 

Check Expiration Dates Regularly 

Expired medications can be ineffective or even harmful. It is good practice to check expiration dates regularly and dispose of any outdated or unused medications. Follow these steps for proper disposal: 

  • Follow Local Guidelines: Some medications need to be returned to a vets’ practice or a pharmacist for safe disposal. 
  • Do Not Flush: Avoid flushing medications down the toilet unless specifically instructed. Flushing can lead to environmental contamination. 

Special Considerations for Certain Medications 

Some medications may have specific storage requirements, the summertime can have an effect: 

  • Liquid Medications: Liquid medications often need to be shaken before use. Ensure they are stored correctly. 
  • Reconstituted Medications: Medications that need to be mixed with water before use (reconstituted) should be used within the timeframe specified by the manufacturer. 
  • Controlled Substances: Medications classified as controlled substances may have additional storage requirements due to their potential for abuse. Store these medications securely and follow specific guidelines. 

Other common storage Issues 

Address common problems that may arise with medication storage: 

  • Discoloration or Odor: If a medication changes colour or develops an unusual odour, it may be not in good use anymore. Consult your veterinarian before administering it. 
  • Leaking Containers: If a container is leaking, transfer the medication to a new container that meets the storage requirements and consult your vet if necessary. 

Proper storage of pet’s medications is essential to ensure their effectiveness and safety. By following the correct guidelines, you can help maintain the quality of your pet’s medications and contribute to their overall health. Always refer to specific instructions provided with the medication and consult your veterinarian with any concern. 

The proper handling of pet medications plays a critical role in your pet’s health and wellbeing. By storing, administering, and disposing of pet medications correctly, you can ensure your pet’s safety, speed up their recovery, and contribute to a healthier environment.