Axolotls are certainly unusual pets, and it’s not hard to understand why they catch people’s attention. Their feathery external gills and distinctive facial features give them a look that is quite different from more familiar species. In recent years, they’ve become increasingly popular, particularly with owners who are drawn to something a little less conventional. Part of the appeal is also practical, as they are quiet and don’t need the same level of day-to-day interaction as many other pets. Despite all of this, appearances can be misleading. Like many exotic animals, their care is more specific than it might first seem, and understanding those requirements properly is an important part of deciding whether they are a suitable choice for a pet.  

What exactly is an axolotl? 

An axolotl is a type of amphibian, often described as a “walking fish”, although it is not a fish at all. It belongs to the salamander family and is native to lakes in Mexico, most notably Lake Xochimilco. One of the most distinctive features of axolotls is that they remain in their aquatic, ‘juvenile’ form throughout their lives. This is known as neoteny. Instead of undergoing a full transformation into a land-dwelling adult, they keep their gills and continue living in water permanently. 

They are also well known for their remarkable ability to regenerate body parts, including limbs and even parts of their heart, spinal cord and brain. While this is scientifically interesting, it’s not something that should ever be relied upon in a pet setting, and it goes without saying injuries should always be avoided where possible. 

Why are people drawn to axolotls? 

For many people, the appeal of axolotls comes down to how they look and how they behave. They are generally calm animals, often spending long periods resting on the floor of the tank or moving gently through the water. They don’t seek interaction in the same way as more traditional pets, which can suit households where time is limited, and this is one of the reasons they are sometimes described as low maintenance. They are also quiet, and when their tank is kept clean, there is very little in the way of smell. This can make them a practical option for those living in smaller spaces. 

Their growing popularity has also been shaped by their online presence, with images, videos, and lots of themed merchandise becoming very popular. Much of what is shared tends to focus on how simple they appear to keep, which can give the impression that they are an easy option. In reality, their care is more involved than it might first seem, particularly when it comes to maintaining the right environment. 

The reality of caring for an axolotl 

Although they don’t require walks or training, axolotls are not a “set and forget” pet. Their care revolves around maintaining a very specific aquatic environment, and this is where many first-time owners encounter difficulties. 

Tank setup and water quality 

Axolotls require a well-maintained aquarium with clean, filtered water. The size of the tank is important. A single adult axolotl will need a reasonably spacious setup to allow for natural movement and to maintain stable water conditions. 

Water quality is one of the most critical aspects of their care. Ammonia and nitrite levels must be kept at zero, and nitrate levels should be monitored regularly. This means the tank needs to be properly cycled before the axolotl is introduced, which can take several weeks. Regular water testing and partial water changes are part of ongoing care. If water quality declines, axolotls can quickly become very sick. 

Temperature control 

Unlike many tropical fish, axolotls prefer cooler water. Ideally, their environment should be kept between 16°C and 18°C. Temperatures above this can lead to stress, reduced oxygen levels in the water, and an increased risk of disease. In warmer climates or during summer months, keeping the water cool can be challenging. Some owners need to use aquarium chillers or take additional measures to prevent overheating. 

Diet and feeding 

Axolotls are carnivorous and require a protein-rich diet. Common foods include earthworms, specially formulated pellets, and occasionally other suitable live or frozen foods. Feeding needs to be consistent but not excessive. Overfeeding can lead to obesity and poor water quality, while underfeeding can affect overall health. Food should always be appropriate in size to avoid choking or digestive issues. 

Handling and interaction 

Axolotls are not pets that enjoy handling. Their skin is delicate, and frequent handling can cause stress or injury. In most cases, they are best observed rather than physically interacted with. 

For some people, this is perfectly acceptable. For others, particularly families looking for a more interactive pet, it may be a big limitation to consider. 

Health considerations 

Like all animals, axolotls can develop health problems. Some of the more commonly encountered issues include: 

  • Skin infections, often linked to poor water quality 
  • Fungal infections, which may appear as white, cotton-like patches 
  • Injuries, sometimes caused by unsuitable tank mates or sharp decorations 
  • Impaction, particularly if an inappropriate substrate such as gravel is used 

Many of these problems are preventable with good husbandry. However, it’s worth noting that access to veterinary care for exotic species can sometimes be limited, and not all practices will have experience with amphibians. 

If you are considering an axolotl, it’s sensible to check in advance whether there is a vet nearby who is comfortable treating them. 

Lifespan and long-term commitment 

Axolotls are not short-term pets. With proper care, they can live for 10 to 15 years – that’s not dissimilar to many dogs! This is a significant commitment and one that should be considered carefully. 

Over that time, their needs remain fairly consistent. Regular maintenance of their environment, ongoing feeding, and monitoring for health issues are all part of responsible ownership. 

Can axolotls live with other animals? 

In most cases, axolotls are best kept alone. They can sometimes be housed with other axolotls of a similar size, but there is a risk of nipping, particularly if food is involved. 

Keeping them with fish is generally not recommended. Fish may nip at their gills, and axolotls may attempt to eat smaller tank mates. This can lead to injury on both sides. 

Are axolotls suitable for children? 

This depends very much on the child and the level of supervision available. Axolotls are visually engaging and can be a great way to introduce children to the idea of caring for an animal. However, they are not hands-on pets, and much of their care involves tasks such as water testing and tank maintenance, which require adult involvement. 

For families expecting a pet that can be handled or played with, an axolotl may not meet those expectations. 

Costs to consider 

While the initial purchase price of an axolotl is often relatively modest, the setup costs can be higher than expected. 

A suitable aquarium, filtration system, water testing kits, and temperature control equipment all need to be factored in. Ongoing costs include food, water treatments, and occasional equipment maintenance or replacement. 

Unexpected veterinary costs can also arise, particularly if specialist care is needed. 

Legal and ethical considerations 

In the UK, axolotls can be kept as pets without any specific licensing in most cases. It’s still sensible to check any local or housing-related restrictions before bringing one home, particularly if you are renting accommodation. 

There are also important ethical considerations around sourcing. Axolotls should be obtained from reputable breeders or suppliers who prioritise health and welfare, rather than from unknown or informal sources. 

Although they are commonly kept in captivity, axolotls are critically endangered in the wild. Responsible ownership, including careful sourcing and appropriate long-term care, plays a small but important role in supporting the species. 

So, are axolotls good pets? 

The answer depends largely on what you are looking for in a pet. For someone who enjoys aquatic setups, is willing to invest time in learning about water quality, and is happy with a pet that is primarily observed rather than handled, an axolotl can be a rewarding and interesting companion. 

For those looking for a more interactive animal, or a pet that requires less environmental management, they may not be the best choice. 

A balanced perspective 

Axolotls occupy an unusual space in the pet world. They aren’t necessarily difficult to keep, but their requirements are quite specific. Their needs don’t vary much, but they do need to be met consistently. 

In practice, I see that the owners who tend to do best with axolotls are those who enjoy the process of maintaining their environment. They do often find there is satisfaction in getting the tank conditions right and seeing the animal thrive as a result. 

On the other hand, when things go wrong, it is often due to small changes in water quality or temperature that go unnoticed at first. This is why having a good understanding of their husbandry, and having the time and motivation to keep monitoring things is vital.  

Final thoughts 

Axolotls can make excellent pets in the right circumstances, but they are not quite as low-maintenance as they are sometimes made out to be. When choosing any pet, the process should involve a realistic assessment of what their care involves, rather than just how they look or how they are portrayed online. Taking the time to understand their needs beforehand tends to make things much easier. It allows you to set things up properly from the start and avoids many of the common issues that can arise later on. 

If you are prepared for the commitment and comfortable with their care requirements, an axolotl can be a genuinely fascinating animal to keep. If you have any questions your vet will always be happy to advise you and talk things through.