Have you noticed your small furry scratching themselves a lot more lately? Are you wondering if it be parasitic mites or something else? Mites are tiny parasites that can infest a guinea pigs, rabbits and other small furries’ skin and cause discomfort and irritation. It’s important for small furry owners to be aware of the signs of mites and how to treat them effectively. 

What do mites do

Many mites can cause more trouble, for example those who live on our pets. Here are some examples of mites which we can see on our pets, although this is not comprehensive and other parasites can be diagnosed on your small furry in more unusual cases. 

  • Rats: Fur mites, mange, demodex and ear mites 
  • Mice: Fur mites 
  • Gerbils: Fur mites and demodex 
  • Guinea pigs: Fur mites, mange, demodex and Cheyletiella 
  • Hamsters: Ear mites and demodex 
  • Chinchillas: Cheyletiella 

There are many species of fur mite, depending on the type of small furry that is affected. These tiny mites can cause problems for our mice, rats, gerbils and Guinea-pigs.  

Mange mites  

Officially Trixacarus caviae, these primarily live on the skin of guinea-pigs. They can be highly contagious, either by mites moving when animals are in direct contact, or via sharing contaminated items such as bedding. Once the mange mites have infected a patient, they burrow into the top layer of the skin – this is incredibly itchy, and small furries often cause themselves damage by rubbing, chewing and licking at their skin. In extreme cases, complete hair loss may follow, or even seizures from the severity of the itching. 

Demodex mites   

In most cases they do not cause signs at all. Demodex mites live within the hair follicles, rather than burrowing. These small number of mites are controlled by your small pet’s immune system, so you normally only see a problem when your small pet is stressed, either due to the environment or by being unwell.  

Cheyletiella  

Usually seen as excessive dandruff or scurf on the coat, usually along the back and between the shoulder blades – it is this that gives it its nickname. Thankfully, a case of ‘walking dandruff’ usually isn’t too uncomfortable for your pet, although it can get itchy, and is easily treated. Cheyletiella mites are also seen on cats, dog and rabbits. 

Ear mites 

The mites that affect the ears of our small furries are typically types of Notoedres. Mainly seen on rats or hamsters, these mites actually cause itching in other areas as well as the ears. In rabbits, however, Psoroptes cuniculi is a more common finding, and causes very severe signs. 

Signs of mites in small furries 

Mites are microscopic parasites that can cause a variety of symptoms in guinea pigs. Some common signs of mites in guinea pigs include: 

  • Intense itching and scratching 
  • Hair loss, especially around the ears and face 
  • Red, inflamed skin 
  • Crusty or scaly patches on the skin 
  • Restlessness or discomfort 
  • Weight loss or decreased appetite 
  • Excessive grooming or self-mutilation 

If you notice any of these symptoms in your small fury, it’s important to seek veterinary advice as soon as possible. A vet can diagnose mites through a skin scraping and prescribe appropriate treatment. 

Treatment Options for Mites in small furries 

There are several treatment options available for mites on small furries, this will depend on the severity of the infestation. Some common treatments include: 

1. Ivermectin based products 

This is a medication that is commonly used to treat mites in small furries. In the UK these medications are legally exempt from normal medicines licensing, meaning they can be widely purchased in pet shops and over the counter, as well as at your vet. Bear in mind, however, that this medication is potentially fatal to cats and aquatic life, so needs to be used in accordance with the packet labels for safety. 

2. Cleaning and disinfecting the cage 

It’s important to thoroughly clean and disinfect the small furries’ cage and accessories to prevent re-infestation. Bedding should be changed regularly. 

4. Treating other pets 

If you have multiple pets, it’s important to treat all of them for mites, as they can easily spread between animals of same species. Your vet or SQP will be able to advise you on treatment options for dogs and cats, as mite-killing medications are under tighter legal controls for these species. 

5. Environmental control 

Keeping the small furries’ environment clean and dry can help prevent mites from infesting your pet.  

6. Nutritional support 

A healthy diet can help boost your small furries’ immune system. 

7. Regular veterinary check-ups 

It’s important to schedule regular check-ups with your veterinarian to ensure your guinea pig’s overall health and well-being. Your veterinarian can monitor for any signs of mites or other health issues and provide appropriate treatment. 

Can mites be prevented? 

Although small pets can get mites, healthy small furries in a clean environment are at a lower risk of getting mites, and infections are usually mild and easily treated. Because of this, it is rare for these pets to require routine treatment against mites. However, there are some simple steps to help protect your small furry from mites: 

Monitoring 

If you see any changes in their hair coat, skin or behaviour, always get them checked over by a vet who will be able to help control any mite infestation. Especially between spring and autumn, all guinea-pigs and rabbits should have a thorough check up at least daily due to the risk of flystrike.  

Handling 

Regular grooming or stroking, especially of long-haired or densely furred pets, can help identify any changes in your pet’s skin early, which will help with effective and rapid treatment. 

Considering all pets 

As some mites can be transmitted between species, it is important to consider parasite protection for dogs and cats in the household. 

Bedding 

Get bedding from a reputable supplier.  

Can mites be passed onto humans? 

Mites may prefer one species over another; some will also infect humans if they are in close enough contact. If you think you may have been exposed to mites, and are concerned, always contact doctor for medical advice. 

If you think your small furry might have a mite infection, the best thing to do is to go to your vet. They can do a full physical examination and check your small furry over from end to end! If there is a risk your small furry may have mites, your vet will prescribe a treatment suitable for your pet, which should eliminate the mites. 

Further reading: 

Dermatological Conditions of Rodents and Rabbits – VIN